College Access and Adult Health

We investigate the relationship between college openings, college attainment, and health behaviors and outcomes later in life. Though a large prior literature attempts to isolate the causal effect of education on health via instrumental variables (IV), most studies use instruments that affect schooling behavior in childhood or adolescence, i.e. before the college enrollment decision. Our paper examines whether an increase in public and private 2 and 4-year institutions per capita (“college accessibility”) in a state contributes to higher college attainment and better health later in life. Using Census data, we find consistent evidence that accessibility of public 2-year institutions positively affects schooling attainment and subsequent employment and earnings levels. We then use restricted-use NHIS data to examine whether this increase in schooling is protective of several measures of health and health behaviors in adulthood.